Grade 2 · English Language Arts
2.10A
Author’s purpose
Discuss the author’s purpose for writing.
2.10B
Text structure & purpose
Discuss how text structure contributes to purpose.
2.10C
Print/graphic features
Discuss how print and graphic features achieve purposes.
2.10D
Language use
Discuss descriptive, literal, and figurative language.
2.10E
Point of view
Identify first‑ or third‑person point of view.
2.10F
Repetition
Identify and explain the use of repetition.
2.11A
Plan drafts
Plan by generating ideas (e.g., drawing, brainstorming).
2.11B
Develop drafts
Develop drafts with structure and relevant details.
2.11C
Revise
Revise by adding, deleting, or rearranging words or sentences.
2.11D
Edit conventions
Edit for sentences, verb tense, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, pronouns, conjunctions, capitalization, punctuation, commas, spelling.
2.11E
Publish & share
Publish and share writing.
2.12A
Compose literary texts
Compose personal narratives and poetry.
2.12B
Compose informational texts
Compose procedural texts and reports.
2.12C
Compose correspondence
Compose correspondence, e.g., thank‑you notes or letters.
2.13A
Generate questions
Generate questions for formal and informal inquiry with adult assistance.
2.13B
Research plan
Develop and follow a research plan with adult assistance.
2.13C
Gather sources
Identify and gather relevant sources and information.
2.13D
Primary vs. secondary
Identify primary and secondary sources.
2.13E
Demonstrate understanding
Demonstrate understanding of information gathered.
2.13F
Cite sources
Cite sources appropriately.
2.13G
Present results
Present results using an appropriate mode (written, oral, or multimodal).
2.1A
Active listening & questioning
Listen actively, ask relevant questions to clarify information, and respond using multi‑word answers.
2.1B
Follow & give oral instructions
Follow, restate, and give short, related oral instructions.
2.1C
Share ideas in discussion
Share information focused on the topic, speaking clearly and using conventions of language.
2.1D
Collaborative talk
Work with others by following rules for discussion, contributing appropriately, and building on ideas.
2.1E
Social communication
Develop social communication such as distinguishing between asking and telling.
2.2A
Phonological awareness
Demonstrate phonological awareness (e.g., rhyming, long/short vowels, add/remove/change phonemes, manipulate phonemes).
2.2B
Phonics & decoding
Apply phonics to decode words (vowel patterns, syllable types/division, prefixes, inflections, contractions, abbreviations) and read high‑frequency words.
2.2C
Spelling
Apply spelling knowledge using grade‑appropriate syllable types/division, silent letters, compounds, contractions, abbreviations, prefixes, and inflections.
2.2D
Alphabetize & use dictionary
Alphabetize words and use a dictionary/glossary to find words.
2.2E
Handwriting
Develop handwriting by accurately forming all cursive letters with appropriate connecting strokes.
2.3A
Use print/digital resources
Use print or digital resources to determine meaning and pronunciation of unknown words.
2.3B
Context clues
Use context within and beyond a sentence to determine meaning of unfamiliar words.
2.3C
Affixes & word parts
Identify and use words with affixes (un‑, re‑, ‑ly, ‑er, ‑est, ‑ion/‑tion/‑sion).
2.3D
Relationships among words
Identify, use, and explain antonyms, synonyms, idioms, and homographs in context.
2.4
Fluency
Read grade‑level text with appropriate rate, accuracy, and prosody to support comprehension.
2.5
Self‑sustained reading
Self‑select grade‑appropriate texts and read independently for a sustained period.
2.6A
Purpose for reading
Establish purpose for reading assigned and self‑selected texts.
2.6B
Questioning
Generate questions before, during, and after reading to deepen understanding.
2.6C
Predictions
Make and confirm/correct predictions using text features, genre, and structures.
2.6D
Mental images
Create mental images to deepen understanding.
2.6E
Connections
Connect to personal experiences, ideas in other texts, and society.
2.6F
Inferences & evidence
Make inferences and use evidence to support understanding.
2.6G
Key ideas
Evaluate details to determine key ideas.
2.6H
Synthesis
Synthesize information to create new understanding.
2.6I
Monitor comprehension
Monitor comprehension and adjust (re‑read, background knowledge, visual cues, questions).
2.7A
Personal connections
Describe personal connections to a variety of sources.
2.7B
Brief comments
Write brief comments on texts demonstrating understanding.
2.7C
Use text evidence
Use text evidence to support an appropriate response.
2.7D
Retell & paraphrase
Retell and paraphrase while maintaining meaning and logical order.
2.7E
Interact with sources
Interact with sources in meaningful ways such as illustrating or writing.
2.7F
Use new vocabulary
Respond using newly acquired vocabulary as appropriate.
2.8A
Theme (with support)
Discuss topics and determine theme using text evidence with adult assistance.
2.8B
Character traits
Describe internal and external traits of main characters.
2.8C
Plot
Describe and understand plot elements: main events, conflict, resolution.
2.8D
Setting
Describe the importance of the setting.
2.9A
Children’s literature
Know characteristics of folktales, fables, fairy tales.
2.9B
Poetry
Explain visual patterns and structures in a variety of poems.
2.9C
Drama
Discuss elements of drama such as characters, dialogue, setting.
2.9D
Informational text
Recognize characteristics of informational text: central idea with support, features/graphics, and organizational patterns (chronology, cause/effect).
2.9E
Persuasive text
Identify author’s claim and distinguish fact from opinion in persuasive texts.
2.9F
Multimodal & digital
Recognize characteristics of multimodal and digital texts.